<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lada A. Adamic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark S. Ackerman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wen, Zhen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, Ching-Yung</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Way I Talk to You: Sentiment Expression in an Organizational Context</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI’12)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CMC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative help</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">online communities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complete</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Sentiment is a rich and important dimension of social interaction. However, its presence in computer-mediated communication in corporate settings is not well understood. This paper provides a preliminary study of people’s expression of sentiment in email conversations in an organizational context. The study reveals that sentiment levels evolve over time during the process of newcomers’ socialization, that sentiment varies according to tie-strength with the recipient, and that sentiment patterns can be indicative of one’s position in the corporate social network as well as job performance. These findings shed light on the complex and dynamic nature of sentiment patterns, and would inspire further explorations and applications of sentiment analysis in organizations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wen, Zhen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lada A. Adamic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark S. Ackerman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, Ching-Yung</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collaborating Globally: Culture and Organizational Computer-Mediated Communications</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS 2011)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">calendaring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">computer-mediated communication (CMC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cultural studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Instant Messaging (IM)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organizational communication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sentiment analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social networks</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complete</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Culture shapes interpersonal communication. However, little is known about how culture interacts with computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools in a business context. We present a large-scale empirical study of cultural differences in computer mediated social interactions in a global company. Our dataset includes 9,000 volunteer users and more than 20 million records of their email and Instant Messaging conversations. We compared social network characteristics, preferences for CMC tools, and expression of sentiment across employees working in seven countries. Significant differences emerged and the patterns are consistent with the inherent cultural characteristics as suggested by cultural theories. In addition, we uncover the complex manner in which culture interacts with preference and use of different communication mediums. The existence of pervasive and complex cultural differences, points to the need to understand and account for such differences in designing cross-cultural collaborative systems.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Meredith Ringel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaime Teevan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lada A. Adamic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark S. Ackerman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Culture Matters: A Survey Study of Social Q&amp;A Behavior</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM’11)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative help</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collective help</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intercultural</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social search</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complete</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Online social networking tools are used around the world by people to ask questions of their friends, because friends provide direct, reliable, contextualized, and interactive responses. However, although the tools used in different cultures for question asking are often very similar, the way they are used can be very different, reflecting unique inherent cultural characteristics. We present the results of a survey designed to elicit cultural differences in people’s social question asking behaviors across the United States, the United Kingdom, China, and India. The survey received responses from 933 people distributed across the four countries who held similar job roles and were employed by a single organization. Responses included information about the questions they ask via social networking tools, and their motivations for asking and answering questions online. The results reveal culture as a consistently significant factor in predicting people’s social question and answer behavior. The prominent cultural differences we observe might be traced to people’s inherent cultural characteristics (e.g., their cognitive patterns and social orientation), and should be comprehensively considered in designing social search systems.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark S. Ackerman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lada A. Adamic</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virtual Gifts and Guanxi: Supporting Social Exchange in a Chinese Online Community</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer–Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW’11)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chinese culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gift</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">guanxi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inter-cultural studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">online community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reciprocity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">social interactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">virtual points</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complete</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Significant cultural differences persist between East and West. Software systems that have been proven to operate efficiently within one culture can fail in the context of the other, especially if they are intended to support rich social interactions. In this paper we demonstrate how a virtual currency system, not unlike ones employed by many US-based websites, evolved within a thriving Chinese online forum into an essential medium for extremely diverse and culturally specific social exchange activities. The social interactions reflect the traditional Chinese idea of &lt;em&gt;guanxi&lt;/em&gt;, or interpersonal influence and connectedness, while at the same time incorporating the norms of a new generation of Internet users.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei, Xiao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark S. Ackerman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lada A. Adamic</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activity lifespan: An analysis of user survival patterns in online knowledge sharing communities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM’10)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">community evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e-communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intercultural</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">online communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q&amp;A</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QA communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">survival analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2010</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complete</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Retaining participation is crucial for information services, online knowledge sharing services among them. We present the first comprehensive analysis of users’ activity lifespan across three predominant online knowledge sharing communities. Extending previous work focusing on initial interactions of new users, we use survival analysis to quantify participation patterns that can be used to predict individual lifespan over the long term. We discuss how cross site differences in user participation and the underlying factors can be related to differences in system design and culture. We conduct a longitudinal comparison of the communities’ evolvement between two distinct stages, the initial days just after the site launch and one year later. We also observe that sub communities corresponding to different topics differ in their ability to sustain users. All results reveal the complexity and diversity in users’ engagement to a site and design implications are discussed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lada A. Adamic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark S. Ackerman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Competing to Share Expertise: The Taskcn Knowledge Sharing Community.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICWSM</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competitions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e-commerce</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e-communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">marketplaces</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">online communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">participation structures</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complete</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&quot;Witkeys&quot; are websites in China that form a rapidly growing web-based knowledge market. A user who posts a task also offers a small fee, and many other users submit their answers to compete. The Witkey sites fall in-between aspects of the now-defunct Google Answers (vetted experts answer questions for a fee) and Yahoo Answers (anyone can answer or ask a question). As such, these sites promise new possibilities for knowledge-sharing online communities, perhaps fostering the freelance marketplace of the future. In this paper, we investigate one of the biggest Witkey websites in China, Taskcn.com. In particular, we apply social network prestige measures to a novel construction of user and task networks based on competitive outcomes to discover the underlying properties of both users and tasks. Our results demonstrate the power of this approach: Our analysis allows us to infer relative expertise of the users and provides an understanding of the participation structure in Taskcn. The results suggest challenges and opportunities for this kind of knowledge sharing medium.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lada A. Adamic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark S. Ackerman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crowdsourcing and Knowledge Sharing: Strategic User Behavior on Taskcn</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the 9th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crowdsourcing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e-commerce</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge market</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">learning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">online communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">question-answer sites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">virtual communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">witkey</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complete</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACM</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York, NY, USA</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">246-255</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-1-60558-169-9</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Witkeys are a thriving type of web-based knowledge sharing market in China, supporting a form of crowdsourcing. In a Witkey site, users offer a small award for a solution to a task, and other users compete to have their solution selected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this paper, we examine the behavior of users on one of the biggest Witkey websites in China, Taskcn.com. On Taskcn, we observed several characteristics in users&#039; activity over time. Most users become inactive after only a few submissions. Others keep attempting tasks. Over time, users tend to select tasks where they are competing against fewer opponents to increase their chances of winning. They will also, perhaps counterproductively, select tasks with higher expected rewards. Yet, on average, they do not increase their chances of winning, and in some categories of tasks, their chances actually decrease. This does not paint the full picture, however, because there is a very small core of successful users who manage not only to win multiple tasks, but to increase their win-to-submission ratio over time. This core group proposes nearly 20% of the winning solutions on the site. The patterns we observe on Taskcn, we believe, hold clues to the future of crowdsourcing and freelance marketplaces, and raise interesting design implications for such sites.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>